CLASS 7 SOCIAL STUDIES LESSON JUNE 2020
THE PEOPLE AND POPULATION
The Maasai is an example of Nilotes.
Major language groups in Africa.
- THE NILOTES
-They are called Nilotes mainly because they followed River Nile during their migration
-They are the second largest group in Africa after the Bantu.
-Nilotes are divided into 3 groups
- River Lake Nilotes
- Highland Nilotes
- The River Lake Nilotes
-They got their name mainly because they settled around water bodies during their migration.
-They Include Luos From Migori,Homa Bay,Kisumu And Siaya Counties
-They migrated from Bahr-el-Ghaza region in South Sudan.
-They later moved to Pubungu Pakwach from where they migrated to Kenya and dispersed to the parts of Uganda.
-The Luo of Kenya entered Kenya into 3 main groups known as;
- Joka-jok
- Joka-owiny
- Joka-omolo
-They are mainly animals’ keepers and fishermen.
-They also migrated in search of pasture and water for their animals.
Other reasons for their migrations were;
- Population pressure
- Natural calamities e.g drought, famine,floods and earthquakes.
- Civil war with their neighbours
- Highland Nilotes
-They migrated to their present homeland from south western Ethiopia.
-They entered Kenya following the migration route west of Lake Turkana.
-Some examples of Highland Nilotes Incude; Nandi,Kipsigis,Elgeyo,Tugen,Bongomek,Bok,Terik,Marakwet,Dorobo,Sirikwa,Ogiek (dorobo,sirikwa,ogiek who were hunters and gatherer).
Suku,sebei,sabaot and pokot (pastoral communities).
-The Highland Nilotes are mainly animal keepers and migrated to Kenya in search for pasture and water.
Other reasons for their migrations were;
- Population pressure
- Natural calamities e.g drought, famine,floods and earthquakes.
- Civil war with their neighbours.
- The Plain Nilotes
-They migrated to their present homeland from south western Ethiopia.
-They entered Kenya following the migration route east of Lake Turkana as they entered Kenya.
-They were mainly looking for pasture and water for their animals.
-The main economic activity among the Plain Nilotes was Pastroralism
-They include The Maasa,Samburu,Iteso,Turkana and Njemps,Illchamus,Endoras and Elmolo of Kenya
-We also have The Karamajong,Jie,And Iteso Of Uganda
Others were Baria and Gumuz of Ethiopia.
3.THE CUSHITES
-The original homeland of the Cushites was Southern Arabia from where they moved to the horn of Africa.
-The Cushites migrated into Tanzania and Kenya from the Horn of Africa.
-The main cause of their migration was the search for pasture and water for their animals
-The main economic activity among the Cushites was nomadic Pastroralism.
-The Cushite are classified into 2 major categories
- Southern Cushites
- Eastern Cushites
a)Southern Cushites
-They were the earliest group to arrive in Kenya
-The southern Cushites in Kenya Include; the Dahalo,Sanye and Boni.
-Some they travelled southwards as far as Tanzania,hence the name southern cushites.
-The Southern Cushites group in Tanzania include;
Mbugu,Burungi,Iraqw,Sanye,Dahalo,Hawa,Makogodi,Aramanik,Haaza.
b)Eastern Cushites
-They are mainly found in Kenya, Somalia,Sudan and Ethiopia
-The communities of Eastern Cushites include;
- The Ajura,gurreh,Ogaden,hawiye,Somali and Danakil of Somalia.
- The sindano,Ogaden and Danakil of Ethiopia
- The Somali,rendille ,borana,orma,gabbra,sallas,bilin and galla of Kenya.
4.THE SEMITES
-This is the smallest language group in Eastern Africa.
-The Semites migrated from Southern Arabia
-They mainly migrated in search of trade items
-The Semites communities include;
- The arabs and Nubians of Northern Sudan
- Nubians are also found in Kenya and Tanzania
- The Issa and Afar of Djibouti
- The Falasha ,Amhara,Tigreans,Hariri and Baghara of Ethiopia
- The Tigreans are also found in Eritrea.
Work to do (10mks)
1.Which one of the following is not a mojor language group in Eastern Africa.
